{"id":10599,"date":"2026-07-30T12:35:54","date_gmt":"2026-07-30T12:35:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reefnetwork.com\/akvaryum-dalga-motoru-secimi\/"},"modified":"2026-08-13T10:35:48","modified_gmt":"2026-08-13T10:35:48","slug":"akvaryum-dalga-motoru-secimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/reefnetwork.com\/tr\/akvaryum-dalga-motoru-secimi\/","title":{"rendered":"Dalga Motoru Se\u00e7imi: 5 Kritik Hata ve Ak\u0131nt\u0131 H\u0131z\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Dalga motoru se\u00e7imi, tuzlu su akvaryumunuzda mercanlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n hayatta kal\u0131p kalmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen ilk ve en \u00f6nemli kararlardan biridir. I\u015f\u0131k<\/a> ve tuz kadar temel bir parametredir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hi\u00e7bir mercan durgun suda uzun s\u00fcre ya\u015fayamaz. Ak\u0131nt\u0131 besini mercana ta\u015f\u0131r, at\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve doku y\u00fczeyindeki gaz al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lar. Bu rehberin, akvaryumunuzun hacmine g\u00f6re do\u011fru debiyi hesaplaman\u0131za ve en s\u0131k yap\u0131lan hatalardan ka\u00e7\u0131nman\u0131za yol g\u00f6stermesini umuyorum. <\/p>\n\n

Akvaryumda Ak\u0131nt\u0131 Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar?<\/h2>\n\n

Dalga motoru se\u00e7imi yapmadan \u00f6nce ak\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n hangi i\u015fleri \u00fcstlendi\u011fini bilmenizde fayda var, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hedef debiyi belirleyen \u015fey tek bir say\u0131 de\u011fil, bu i\u015flevlerin toplam\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

Gaz De\u011fi\u015fimi ve S\u0131n\u0131r Tabakas\u0131<\/h3>\n\n

Suyun hareketi iki ayr\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ekte i\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Y\u00fczeyde olu\u015fturdu\u011fu dalgalanma, su ile hava aras\u0131ndaki temas alan\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fcr; oksijen i\u00e7eri girer, karbondioksit d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar. Mikroskobik \u00f6l\u00e7ekte ise mercan dokusunun hemen \u00fczerindeki dif\u00fczif s\u0131n\u0131r tabakas\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> inceltir. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcmler, yakla\u015f\u0131k 8 cm\/s (3.1 in\/s)<\/strong> ak\u0131nt\u0131da bu tabakan\u0131n 0.18-0.59 mm (0.007-0.023 in)<\/strong> kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa indi\u011fini, neredeyse durgun suda ise 2 mm (0.079 in)<\/strong> de\u011ferini a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Yani kal\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r tabakas\u0131, oksijen ve besinin mercana ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 fiziksel olarak yava\u015flat\u0131yor. Dalga motoru se\u00e7imi bu y\u00fczden estetik de\u011fil, fizyolojik bir karar. <\/p>\n\n

Mercanlar\u0131n kendi savunmas\u0131 da var: d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ak\u0131nt\u0131da dokudaki siller girdaplar \u00fcreterek k\u00fctle transferini y\u00fczde 400’e kadar art\u0131rabiliyor. Ancak bu mekanizma s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r ve akvaryumdaki yetersiz ak\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 telafi edemez. <\/p>\n\n

Filtrasyon Deste\u011fi ve \u00d6l\u00fc B\u00f6lgeler<\/h3>\n\n

Yeterli ak\u0131nt\u0131, yem art\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve d\u0131\u015fk\u0131n\u0131n belirli bir k\u00f6\u015fede toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller, bunlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131rma b\u00f6lmesine ve filtrasyona y\u00f6nlendirir. Ak\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n ula\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fc b\u00f6lgelerde<\/strong> detritus birikir, oksijen t\u00fckenir ve anaerobik ceplerde hidrojen s\u00fclf\u00fcr (H\u2082S) olu\u015fabilir. Yani k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 siyanobakteri lekelerinin \u00e7o\u011fu zaman ayn\u0131 k\u00f6\u015felerde \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 tesad\u00fcf de\u011fil. Kaya yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131 ve akvaryumun \u00f6n alt k\u00f6\u015feleri en riskli b\u00f6lgelerdir; biyolojik filtrasyon sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 i\u015flerken bile durgun k\u00f6\u015feler yerel sorun yaratmaya devam eder. <\/p>\n\n

Bal\u0131klar \u0130\u00e7in Do\u011fal Antrenman<\/h3>\n\n

Akvaryumlar \u00e7o\u011fu y\u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc t\u00fcr i\u00e7in dar alanlar. Olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz ak\u0131nt\u0131, bu bal\u0131klar i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli bir antrenmand\u0131r; kas geli\u015fimini ve sindirimi destekler, renklenmeye katk\u0131 sa\u011flar. Ancak her t\u00fcr ayn\u0131 \u015feyi istemez. Tang ve wrasse gibi aktif y\u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fcler g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ak\u0131nt\u0131da rahatt\u0131r, buna kar\u015f\u0131n copperband butterflyfish ve baz\u0131 goby t\u00fcrleri sakin b\u00f6lgeler arar. Akvaryumda hem g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc hem sakin b\u00f6lgelerin bulunmas\u0131, tek tip ak\u0131nt\u0131dan \u00e7ok daha iyidir. <\/p>\n\n

S\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n E\u015fit Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/h3>\n\n

Ak\u0131nt\u0131, \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evresindeki s\u0131cak suyu akvaryuma da\u011f\u0131t\u0131r ve katmanla\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6nler. Is\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 ile termostat probu aras\u0131nda durgun bir b\u00f6lge varsa, \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz s\u0131cakl\u0131k ger\u00e7e\u011fi yans\u0131tmaz. K\u0131sacas\u0131 ak\u0131nt\u0131, s\u0131cakl\u0131k kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn sessiz orta\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n

Mercanlar\u0131n Beslenmesi<\/h3>\n\n

Mercanlar b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde hareketsiz canl\u0131lard\u0131r, besine gidemezler; besinin onlara gelmesi gerekir. Tam bir armut pi\u015f a\u011fz\u0131ma d\u00fc\u015f durumu. Yeterli ak\u0131nt\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda plankton ve partik\u00fcl besin polip y\u00fczeyine hi\u00e7 ula\u015fmaz. Ayn\u0131 ak\u0131nt\u0131, mercan\u0131n salg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 mukusu ve yerle\u015fen sedimenti de temizler. <\/p>\n\n

Dalga Motoru Se\u00e7iminde Debi Hesab\u0131: Ne Kadar Ak\u0131nt\u0131 Gerekir?<\/h2>\n\n

Akvaryum su sirk\u00fclasyonu devir say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong> ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr: toplam su hacminin saatte ka\u00e7 kez d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc. Dalga motoru se\u00e7iminde ilk ad\u0131m, bu say\u0131y\u0131 besleyece\u011finiz canl\u0131ya g\u00f6re belirlemektir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc mercan ak\u0131nt\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131 t\u00fcrden t\u00fcre belirgin bi\u00e7imde de\u011fi\u015fir. Hedefledi\u011finiz dalga motoru debisi do\u011frudan bu karardan \u00e7\u0131kar. <\/p>\n\n

Akvaryum t\u00fcr\u00fc<\/th>Devir\/saat<\/th>200 l (52.8 galon) i\u00e7in hedef ak\u0131\u015f<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Sadece bal\u0131k<\/td>10-20x<\/td>2.000-4.000 l\/sa (528-1.057 gph)<\/td><\/tr>
Yumu\u015fak mercan<\/td>20-30x<\/td>4.000-6.000 l\/sa (1.057-1.585 gph)<\/td><\/tr>
LPS mercan<\/td>25-35x<\/td>5.000-7.000 l\/sa (1.321-1.849 gph)<\/td><\/tr>
SPS mercan<\/td>40-50x ve \u00fczeri<\/td>8.000-10.000 l\/sa (2.113-2.642 gph)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

Hesap basit: net su hacmini hedef devir say\u0131s\u0131yla \u00e7arp\u0131n. Sump kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z net hacim, akvaryum ile sump suyunun toplam\u0131ndan kaya ve kum hacmini \u00e7\u0131kararak bulunur; pratikte br\u00fct hacmin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 80’ini alman\u0131z yeterli. D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f pompas\u0131n\u0131n debisini bu toplama dahil edebilirsiniz, ancak sirk\u00fclasyonun b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc dalga motorlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcstlenmesi gerekir. <\/p>\n\n

Katalogda yazan dalga motoru debisi, hi\u00e7bir engel olmayan a\u00e7\u0131k suda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kaya yap\u0131s\u0131, cam ve mercanlar bu de\u011feri ger\u00e7ekte belirgin bi\u00e7imde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bu y\u00fczden hesaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z de\u011ferin biraz \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kabilen, ayarlanabilir bir motor tercih edin. Fazlas\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131sabilirsiniz, ama eksi\u011fini sonradan yaratamazs\u0131n\u0131z. Dalga motoru se\u00e7iminde yap\u0131lan hatalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu tam burada ba\u015flar. <\/p>\n\n

Dalga Motoru Se\u00e7iminde Pompa Tipleri: Propeller mi, Gyre mi?<\/h2>\n\n

Propeller pompalar<\/strong> geni\u015f a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131, koni bi\u00e7iminde bir ak\u0131\u015f \u00fcretir. Yak\u0131n mesafede yumu\u015fak ve da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k ak\u0131nt\u0131 verir, uzun akvaryumlarda kar\u015f\u0131 uca ula\u015fmakta zorlan\u0131r. Gyre pompalar<\/strong> silindirik g\u00f6vdeleri ve rotor kanatlar\u0131yla yass\u0131, yatay bir ak\u0131\u015f \u00fcretir; bu ak\u0131\u015f akvaryum boyunca \u00e7ok daha uza\u011fa ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r ve tek y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir sirk\u00fclasyon halkas\u0131 kurar. 120 cm (47.2 in) ve \u00fczeri akvaryumlarda gyre tipi belirgin avantaj sa\u011flar. <\/p>\n\n

\u0130kinci ayr\u0131m motor teknolojisi. AC motorlar<\/strong> tek h\u0131zda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, ucuzdur, \u00e7o\u011fu modelde debi kontrol\u00fc yoktur. DC motorlar<\/strong> kontrol \u00fcnitesiyle debisi ayarlanabilen, dalga ve nab\u0131z modlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilen modellerdir; ayn\u0131 debide daha az elektrik harcarlar ve daha sessizdirler. Bug\u00fcn akvaryum dalga motoru pazar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc DC taraf\u0131na kaym\u0131\u015f durumda ve dalga motoru se\u00e7imi yaparken kontrol edilebilirlik art\u0131k temel bir beklenti. <\/p>\n\n

\"Dalga
Dalga Motoru Se\u00e7iminde Pompa Tipleri: Propeller mi, Gyre mi?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

\u00dcretici verisi kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma i\u00e7in iyi bir \u00e7\u0131pa. EcoTech Marine, VorTech MP10mQD i\u00e7in 9.500 l\/saat (2.500 gph)<\/strong> ve 9.5-190 l (2.5-50+ gallons) akvaryum aral\u0131\u011f\u0131, MP40mQD i\u00e7in 19.000 l\/saat (5.000 gph)<\/strong> ve 190-1.800 l (50-500+ gallons) aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildiriyor. Bu seride motor manyetik kuplajla cam\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kal\u0131r, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla motor \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 suya ge\u00e7mez. G\u00f6vdesi su i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan modellerde ise at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 akvaryuma verilir. Bu de\u011ferleri dalga motoru se\u00e7imi s\u0131ras\u0131nda referans noktas\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131n, garanti olarak de\u011fil. <\/p>\n\n

Ka\u00e7 Adet ve Nereye?<\/h2>\n\n

Toplam debiyi tek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc motordan almak, dalga motoru se\u00e7iminde yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z en pahal\u0131 hata olur. Ayn\u0131 debiyi iki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck motora b\u00f6lmek size \u00fc\u00e7 \u015fey kazand\u0131r\u0131r: \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fan ak\u0131mlar t\u00fcrb\u00fclans yarat\u0131r ve \u00f6l\u00fc b\u00f6lge b\u0131rakmaz, tek noktadaki jet etkisi ortadan kalkar, bir motor ar\u0131zaland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda akvaryum ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131z kalmaz. <\/p>\n\n

Dalga motoru yerle\u015fimi i\u00e7in pratik kural, motorlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yan camlara, su y\u00fczeyinin yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7te bir alt\u0131na yerle\u015ftirmek ve akvaryumun ortas\u0131na do\u011fru hafif \u00e7apraz do\u011frultmakt\u0131r. Do\u011frudan mercana ya da kum taban\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir ak\u0131\u015f istemezsiniz; ince kum savrulur, mercan dokusu tahri\u015f olur. Kaya yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131na ak\u0131\u015f g\u00f6nderen bir motor ise en s\u0131k g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7an \u00f6l\u00fc b\u00f6lgeyi kapat\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n

\"Resif
Dalga Yap\u0131c\u0131 Se\u00e7imi: 1 ve 2 kar\u015f\u0131t pompa, 3 ak\u0131mlar\u0131n bulu\u015ftu\u011fu t\u00fcrb\u00fclans b\u00f6lgesi, 4 kayan\u0131n arkas\u0131ndaki \u00f6l\u00fc nokta, 5 pompa y\u00fczeyin \u00fc\u00e7te biri alt\u0131na monte edilmi\u015f (G\u00f6rsel: Reef Network)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Do\u011fadaki Ak\u0131nt\u0131 ile Akvaryumdaki Ak\u0131nt\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

Hedef debinin neden t\u00fcre g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini anlaman\u0131n en net yolu, do\u011fadaki ger\u00e7ek \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlere bakmak. Resif tepesinde (reef crest) dalga kaynakl\u0131 orbital h\u0131zlar tipik olarak 10 cm\/s (3.9 in\/s)<\/strong> d\u00fczeyindedir ve 50 cm\/s (19.7 in\/s)<\/strong> \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kan tepe de\u011ferler \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Lag\u00fcn ve arka resif b\u00f6lgelerinde ayn\u0131 de\u011fer 5 cm\/s (2 in\/s)<\/strong> civar\u0131na iner. Great Barrier Reef’te Lizard Island \u00e7evresinde yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerde r\u00fczg\u00e2r kaynakl\u0131 ak\u0131nt\u0131lar 82 cm\/s (32.3 in\/s)<\/strong> \u00fczerine ula\u015f\u0131rken, gelgit ak\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 nadiren 5.5 cm\/s (2.2 in\/s) de\u011ferini ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n

Bu say\u0131lar \u015funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: Acropora gibi resif tepesi t\u00fcrleri kaotik ve \u015fiddetli ak\u0131nt\u0131ya adapte olmu\u015f, lag\u00fcn k\u00f6kenli LPS mercanlar ise \u00e7ok daha sakin ko\u015fullardan geliyor. Ayn\u0131 akvaryumda ikisini birden besleyecekseniz, tek bir debi de\u011feri yerine akvaryum i\u00e7inde bir h\u0131z gradyan\u0131 olu\u015fturman\u0131z gerekir. Karma bir sistemde dalga motoru se\u00e7imi, en y\u00fcksek talebi kar\u015f\u0131layacak toplam debiyi kurup akvaryumun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak sakin b\u0131rakmak anlam\u0131na gelir. <\/p>\n\n

Dalga Motoru Se\u00e7iminde 5 Kritik Hata<\/h2>\n\n

1. Tek motora y\u00fcklenmek.<\/strong> Toplam debiyi tek \u00fcniteden almak, jet etkisi ve ar\u0131za riski \u00fcretir. \u0130ki daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck motor neredeyse her zaman daha iyi sonu\u00e7 verir. <\/p>\n\n

2. Katalog debisini ger\u00e7ek debi sanmak.<\/strong> \u00dcretici de\u011ferleri engelsiz ortamda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kaya, cam ve mercan y\u00fck\u00fc alt\u0131nda etkin sirk\u00fclasyon d\u00fc\u015fer. <\/p>\n\n

3. Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 kuma veya mercana do\u011frultmak.<\/strong> \u0130nce kum savrulur, mercan dokusu s\u00fcrekli bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda kal\u0131r ve polipler a\u00e7\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n\n

4. Geceleri motoru tamamen kapatmak.<\/strong> Ak\u0131nt\u0131 gece de gereklidir. Kontroll\u00fc modellerde gece modu ile debiyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek do\u011fru yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r, tamamen durdurmak de\u011fil. Ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131z bir akvaryumda mercan ve bal\u0131k kay\u0131plar\u0131 saatler i\u00e7inde ba\u015flayabilir. <\/p>\n\n

5. Bak\u0131m\u0131 ertelemek.<\/strong> Kire\u00e7 ve kalsifiye kal\u0131nt\u0131 pervaneyi yava\u015flat\u0131r; ayarlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z debi zamanla d\u00fc\u015fer ve siz bunu genellikle fark etmezsiniz.<\/p>\n\n

Dalga Motoru Temizli\u011fi ve Bak\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

Zaman i\u00e7inde pervane ve g\u00f6vde \u00fczerinde kalsiyum karbonat kabu\u011fu ile kalkerli k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yosun birikir. Bu birikinti debiyi sessizce d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr; yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ayar ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini yitirir, mercanlara ula\u015fan besin azal\u0131r ve \u00f6l\u00fc b\u00f6lgeler geri gelir. Y\u0131lda bir temizlik bu birikim h\u0131z\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fil. Yayg\u0131n akvaristik pratik, 4-8 haftada bir<\/strong> pervanenin kontrol edilmesi ve 3 ayda bir<\/strong> motorun s\u00f6k\u00fclerek temizlenmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde. Bak\u0131m, dalga motoru se\u00e7iminin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir konu de\u011fil, par\u00e7as\u0131. <\/p>\n\n

\"Dalga
Dalga Motoru Temizli\u011fi ve Bak\u0131m\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Temizlik s\u0131ras\u0131nda malzeme se\u00e7imi \u00f6nemli. Sitrik asit<\/strong> kalsiyum karbonat kabu\u011funu etkili bi\u00e7imde \u00e7\u00f6zerken plastik, kau\u00e7uk ve m\u0131knat\u0131s kaplamas\u0131na en az zarar veren se\u00e7enektir; genel tercih budur. Sirke<\/strong> yava\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve uzun temaslarda kau\u00e7uk par\u00e7alar ile m\u0131knat\u0131s kaplamas\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131pratabilir. Tuz ruhu (hidroklorik asit)<\/strong> \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r, ancak 10:1 seyreltmede bile ciddi yak\u0131c\u0131 risk ta\u015f\u0131r; eldiven, g\u00f6zl\u00fck ve iyi havaland\u0131rma \u015fart. Hangi asidi kullan\u0131rsan\u0131z kullan\u0131n, par\u00e7alar\u0131 akvaryuma geri koymadan \u00f6nce RO\/DI suyla bolca durulay\u0131n. <\/p>\n\n

Dalga motoru se\u00e7imi yaparken bak\u0131m kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da hesaba kat\u0131n: s\u00f6k\u00fclemeyen ya da yedek pervanesi bulunmayan bir model, ilk y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda elinizde kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular (SSS)<\/h2>\n
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